A little more than 100 days into his tenure, New Jersey Governor Phil Murphy has made it clear that employment is one of his top priorities. In the past two weeks, Gov. Murphy has signed a Paid Sick Leave and an Equal Pay bill into law and established a Task Force on Employee Misclassification.
Paid Sick Leave
The New Jersey Paid Sick Leave Act was signed into law on May 2, 2018, and takes effect on October 29, 2018. It will require New Jersey employers of all sizes to offer their employees one hour of sick leave for every 30 hours worked. Covered employees will be eligible for paid sick leave after 120 days of employment and are then permitted to use up to 40 hours of sick leave per benefit year. Employers may set the benefit year. The benefit year does not need to be a calendar year but once set, it cannot be changed without prior notification to the New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. In lieu of tracking each hour worked and earned, employers may offer 40 hours of paid sick time at the beginning of each benefit year or utilize an existing paid-time-off policy so long as it confers equal or richer paid leave benefits than those provided for in the Act.
Employees may use accrued sick leave to take time off for the illness of the employee or a family member, to recover from domestic violence affecting them or a family member, to attend a school conference or meeting, and for childcare purposes when schools, workplaces, or daycare facilities are closed by order of a public official due to public health concerns.
However, not every employee in New Jersey is entitled to paid sick leave under the Act. The Act excludes certain construction workers employed under an existing collective bargaining agreement, per-diem health care workers, and public employees who already are eligible for more generous sick leave.
The Act grants employees a private right of action to sue employers and seek actual damages as well as liquidated damages. Furthermore, and perhaps most importantly, the Act contains an anti-retaliation provision that creates a "rebuttable presumption" of retaliation if an adverse employment action is taken against an employee within 90 days of engaging in any protected activity under the Act—such as availing themselves of the paid sick leave, filing a complaint, or explaining employee rights under the Act to co-workers.
Although a number of state and local governments have passed similar laws, New Jersey is only one of only 10 states to enact such an expansive and comprehensive paid sick leave law.
The Equal Pay Act
The Diane B. Allen Equal Pay Act (NJEPA), signed into law by the Gov. Murphy last month, will take effect in less than four weeks – on July 1, 2018. New Jersey employers across industries should pay close attention to this effective date because the law places onerous requirements on them. The NJEPA contains extensive amendments to the New Jersey Law Against Discrimination (NJLAD) through its:
-
Prohibition of compensation discrimination on the basis of any protected class for "substantially similar work when viewed as a composite of skill, effort, and responsibilities"
-
Increased statute of limitations period from two to six years for claims alleging pay inequity or discrimination
-
Mandatory treble damages for successful plaintiffs
For more information on the NJEPA, see our April 24, 2018 alert: "New Jersey Passes New Law on Pay Equity — and Much More."
Task Force on Employee Misclassification
On May 3, 2018, Gov. Murphy signed an executive order establishing a Task Force on Employee Misclassification. Misclassification is when workers are incorrectly labeled as independent contractors rather than employees. Workers who are incorrectly classified frequently are not provided benefits and other protections available to employees, such as minimum wage, overtime compensation, family and medical leave, unemployment insurance, and workers' compensation.
The New Jersey Task Force will be charged with a number of responsibilities to combat employee misclassification, including:
-
Examining and evaluating existing misclassification enforcement by executive departments and agencies
-
Developing best practices by departments and agencies to increase coordination of information and efficient enforcement
-
Developing recommendations to foster compliance with the law, including by educating employers, workers, and the public about misclassification
-
Conducting a review of existing law and applicable procedures related to misclassification
The Task Force, which is effective immediately, comprises 12 people from various state administrative agencies. It is the state’s latest effort to safeguard employee rights in what the Governor previously described as an ongoing effort to make New Jersey "a model for the nation," both on the issue of misclassification and other employee rights.
The Task Force is likely to be a harbinger of increased audits and enforcement actions. Employers who engage independent contractors should immediately examine their classification practices and consult with counsel to ensure that all classification procedures meet the state’s rigorous "ABC" test – which we’ve previously written about here: "N.J. Supreme Court Adopts 'ABC' Test To Determine Independent Contractor Status."
Ballard Spahr's Labor and Employment Group regularly assists employers with leave management, pay-equity, and wage and hour issues, including internal audits for compensation systems and proper classification of the workforce, responding to state administrative agency audits, conducting training, drafting policies and handbooks, and litigating wage and hour, discrimination, leave, and pay-equity cases under state and federal law.
Copyright © 2018 by Ballard Spahr LLP.
www.ballardspahr.com
(No claim to original U.S. government material.)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the author and publisher.
This alert is a periodic publication of Ballard Spahr LLP and is intended to notify recipients of new developments in the law. It should not be construed as legal advice or legal opinion on any specific facts or circumstances. The contents are intended for general informational purposes only, and you are urged to consult your own attorney concerning your situation and specific legal questions you have.